Wavelets
Wavelets are mathematical expansions that transform data from the
time domain into different layers of frequency levels. Compared to
standard Fourier analysis, they have the advantage [PDF] of being
localized both in time and in the frequency domain, and enable the
researcher to observe and analyze data at different scales.
Wavelets for Economists [PDF]
Christoph Schleicher, Bank of Canada / Banque du Canada